Art Of The Late Ninegteenth Century Essay

Speaking about the late nineteenth century art, it is necessary to say that the transition from one century to another is always marked by the feeling of disillusionment as far as conventional themes and methods are concerned. There is an emptiness which prompts artists to search new forms, new means of expression. It is not always easy, however, which leads them to aspiration to escape from the usual reality to exotic countries and ways of life. The cultural phenomenon of fin de ciecle (end of the century) naturally manifested itself in visual arts and lead to emergence of impressionism and post-impressionism. Partially, impressionism appearance was caused by the fastening of life tempo and industrial revolution. As a result, impressionists aimed to depict the ever-changing reality; they wanted to catch the moment of the life flow, which is never the same. Impressionist painters inherited the romantic naturalist philosophy but chose different devices to reveal nature.   The term â€Å"postimpressionism† was coined by the English artist and critic Roger Fry (1866-1934) in 1910 as a name for the various movements that grew out of Impressionism, but moved away from its naturalist tendencies. In the current paper I intend to analyze some of postimpressionists’ paintings to trace the influence of traditional art and innovation. One of the most prominent painters on the brink of the centuries was Paul Gauguin. When we speak of fascination with primitive and exotic art, we primarily mean this artist’s attempt to move in this direction. Like most postimpressionists he started as impressionism and was devoted to traditional objective rendering of nature with the help of new coloring and light and shadow effects. In the course of time, when he was already a famous painter he realized inherent limitations impressionism had in itself and chose another direction. He did it not only in the figurative sense but he physically moved to Tahiti to investigate new opportunities for art progress. Let’s look closely at some of his canvasses of Tahitian period to discover what novelty they bear and how they correlate with impressionist tradition, on the one hand, and primitive art forms on the other hand. One of the most illustrative pictures of the series is called Femmes de Tahiti [Sur la plage] (Tahitian Women [On the Beach]) The name itself suggests that the conventional subject matter of impressionism – conveying fleeting states of nature – is put aside.   The painter made people his objects and applied revolutionary technique to depict them. The fist thing the eye catches is the unusual exotic coloring for the sky, the sea and the sand, which has nothing in common with the palette applied for European landscapes. The colors are rich and warm; it seems they soaked exotic sunlight. At the same time we see that the artist doesn’t aim at showing every subtle hue (if we speak of color) or every subtle bend of human body (if we speak of shape). On the contrary, he wants to make the impression of ultimate simplicity of color and form, which follows the tradition of primitive art. Despite of this primitivism, the women in the painting feel exceptionally real and palpable, not in terms of photographic similarity and anatomic precision but in terms of emotion conveyed. Natural rich colors of Pacific islands and simplicity of form make them a part of surrounding nature. As a result they feel real in a sense that they are devoid of any artificial glossiness, which civilization imposes. Another famous painting of Gauguin, which was considered to be scandalous and indecent by many of his contemporaries, is called Spirit of the Dead Watching. It depicts a nude young girl lying and mystical world surrounding her. This painting inherits the tradition of primitive art not only in terms of form but also in discovering the mythology of Tahitians. In this case Gauguin managed to do a unique thing – with the help of simple, rough, down-to-earth colors and forms he depicted an ephemeral world of spirits Edgar Degas is another famous postimpressionist of the late nineteenth century. Unlike Gauguin, he was not much into exotic themes. He inherited much from impressionist tradition, and was greatly influenced by the naturalist philosophy of romanticism. Still, if we look at his landscape paintings, it becomes plain that the emphasis is quite different, as well as the role of nature. For example, the canvass Aux courses en province (At the Races in the Country) is a perfect illustration to this dual influence. The painting is no way an ode to nature, as it was the case with impressionists and romanticists. It is rather the point, where the two worlds – rural and urban – intersect. The contrast between the picturesque scenery and the people who came to the country to enjoy themselves is really huge. This contrast is not manifested through color but through some specific details, which make the impression that the people are outsiders for the nature. Thus, a sun parasol a woman wears, her husband’s top hat, the cart among the field, and especially the horses’ eyes covered with blinders – all these details disclose the painters’ idea that people no longer belong to the nature. Degas is said to be the one who was greatly influenced by the revolutionary invention of the late nineteenth century – photography. Thus, his painting Absinthe is illustrative of the new perspective and spacing photography opened to artists. The canvass reminds of the technology of painting black and white photos, which was applied at this period of time. To sum up, the late nineteenth century was marked by the trend of transformation, transition from Romantic to Postimpressionist art and way of thinking. The painters of these periods were exposed to dual influence- on the one hand, they inherited the technique and tradition of impressionist art and naturalist philosophy, on the other hand the felt like the old principles and themes were exhausted, that’s why they resorted to new sources of inspiration like primitive exotic art and photography. Bibliography    Broude, Norma. Impressionism: A Feminist Reading: the Gendering of Art, Science, and Nature in the Nineteenth Century. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1997. â€Å"Impressionism , in Painting.† The Columbia Encyclopedia . 6th ed. 2004. Rewald, John. Post-Impressionism: From Van Gogh to Gauguin. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1956.   

Uses of Radiation in Medical Industry

Uses of Radiation in the Medical Industry Although scientists have only known about radiation since the 1890s, they have developed a wide variety of uses for this natural force. Today, to benefit humankind, radiation is used in medicine, academics, and industry, as well as for generating electricity. In addition, radiation has uses in such areas as agriculture, space exploration, law enforcement, geology and many others. However, in the medical industry, radiation is used for x-rays, therapeutic uses, and in nuclear medicine procedures.The most common of these medical procedures involve the use of x-rays — a type of radiation that can pass through our skin. When x-rayed, our bones and other structures cast shadows because they are denser than our skin, and those shadows can be detected on photographic film. The effect is similar to placing a pencil behind a piece of paper and holding the pencil and paper in front of a light. The shadow of the pencil is revealed because most li ght has enough energy to pass through the paper, but the denser pencil stops all the light.The difference is that x-rays are invisible, so we need photographic film to â€Å"see† them for us. This allows doctors and dentists to spot broken bones and dental problems. X-rays and other forms of radiation also have a variety of therapeutic uses. When used in this way, they are most often intended to kill cancerous tissue, reduce the size of a tumor, or reduce pain For example, radioactive iodine is frequently used to treat thyroid cancer, a disease that strikes about 11,000 Americans every year.While it's killing the cancer, radiation therapy also can damage normal cells. The good news is that normal cells are more likely to recover from the effects of radiation. Doctors take precautions to protect a person's healthy cells when they're giving radiation treatments. Although most therapeutic uses of radiation involve the treatment of cancer, therapeutic doses may also be used to tr eat conditions such as clogged blood vessels. In addition, hospitals and radiology centers perform approximately 10 million nuclear medicine procedures in the United States each year.Nuclear medicine procedures record radiation emitting from the patient's body rather than emit radiation that is directed through the patient's body. In such procedures, doctors administer slightly radioactive substances, called radiopharmaceuticals, to patients, which are attracted to certain internal organs such as the pancreas, kidney, thyroid, liver, or brain, to diagnose clinical conditions. Nuclear medicine is primarily used for diagnosis of diseases, but it can be used to treat disease as well.Therapeutic uses include treatment of hyperthyroidism and pain relief from certain types of bone cancers. There are many uses of radiation in medicine. X-rays, therapeutic uses, and nuclear medicine are just some ways radiation is used in the medical industry. The most well known is from of radiation is usi ng x rays to see whether bones are broken. However, radiation therapy is also well-known for the treatment of disease or cancer. Lastly, radiation in nuclear medicine is used to identify abnormalities very early in the progress of a disease.

Negotiations Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

Negotiations Journal - Essay Example The landlord was of course reticent to do this because he was not fond of the idea of spending more money in order to rent the apartment. From his perspective, other renters who were not so picky would take the apartment as is. However, having viewed several similar apartments that day, my friend and I were fully aware of the fact that for the same money that this particular apartment was renting for, it would be possible to rent a substitute. However, the issue was that we both loved the location, enjoyed the layout, neighborhood, and floor plan etc. Therefore, both of us were interested in trying to negotiate some type of satisfactory deal with the landlord. However, either as a result of our weak negotiating skills or the landlord’s refusal to give any leeway at all with regards to the price and/or condition of the current amenities, we were finally forced to take another apartment as our negations did not make any headway whatsoever. In the end, a host of factors contribut ed to this. These will be discussed in some greater detail and at length further in this worksheet. EXERCISE 2.1 Continued Creating and Claiming Value 2. Rate yourself from 1 to 10 on how well you created value in that negotiation, where 1 is "created little or no value" and 10 is "created a great deal of value." My effectiveness in creating value in my last negotiation was: ______4________. 3. Next, rate yourself from 1 to 10 on how well you claimed value in your last negotiation, where 1 represents "obtained little or no value for myself' and 10 represents "obtained a great deal of value for myself." My effectiveness in claiming value in my last negotiation was: ______1_________. The next step is to study how you create and claim value in your next three negotiations. This will help you determine your own pattern in creating and claiming value. To be an effective negotiator, you have to be good at both creating and claiming value. The following form has been designed to help you e xamine your own pattern of creating and claiming value. CREATING/CLAIMING VALUE FORM 1. Briefly summarize a second negotiation that you participated in on a separate sheet attached hereto as "Exercise 2.1: Attachment B." In the past, I was involved in quite a lengthy negotiation with my employer as how I might change my working hours so that they would be more amenable to my new schedule. This was a unique negotiation because it had varied interests involved in the mediation process. Firstly, and most obviously, there was the selfish interest that I had in order to make my work hours more convenient for me so that I could more easily enjoy my time, not have to wake up at an inconvenient hour, and spend more time concentrating on my studies etc. Likewise, from the employer’s perspective, the negotiation was centered around the fact that they could either deny the request and risk angering the employee (me) or grant it and work to find other personnel who could cover for the ti me gap that this would create. In order to facilitate the process of understanding and create value in the eyes of the employer, I worked to emphasize the many benefits that my employment brought to the company; as well as some of the many highlights of my career up until that point that were highly beneficial to the firm and their profit margin. Although it was a low paying job, my approach was to convince the employer, without appearing arrogant, that they would have a hard

Common sense Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Common sense - Essay Example Common Sense was published after the eruption of open hostilities between Great Britain and the American colonies but before the signing of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. It was written at a time when the American colonists were still undecided and debating the idea of independence from British rule. Paine provided them with an argument. Many historians are of the opinion that it influenced American colonists to formally break away from Britain and inspired America during the Revolutionary War. Paine begins the pamphlet by suggesting that his readers have the right to question the King of England since his policies are affecting them. He emphasizes that one should question ideas even if they are being accepted as the truth for a long time. He also suggests that the concerns of the colonies such as tyranny, oppression and freedom will one day turn out to be universal concerns He ascertains in the end that his interests rely on a reasonable argument and have not been compromised by any political party. The pamphlet focuses on the difference between society and government. Paine wrote in a style that could be the understood by the common people. Paine wrote it like a sermon and made many Biblical references to put forh his argument and case. The importance of the pamphlet lies n the fact that it precipitated the move for independence. Even before Paine a number of people had advocated independence. But it was not until 1776, the year Common Sense was published, that a vast majority of people in the colonies actually understood the reasons for independence or a revolution. The colonies in a quandary and were debating whether they should stay loyal to England or should they press for independence. Paine’s theories of Enlightenment and independence inspired the American nation. His work fired the imagination of the people and sparked a movement by the colonists to

MISSISON STATEMENT OF NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION Research Paper

MISSISON STATEMENT OF NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION - Research Paper Example All through these years, the organization made continuous attempts towards spreading out its offered services always with the intention to put a stop to along with alleviating suffering (American Red Cross, 2012). The paper will intend to assess the mission statement of the organization in order to ascertain its effectiveness. Consecutively to ascertain the effectiveness of the mission statement of the non-profit organization, it becomes necessary to gain a lucid comprehension regarding its activities. Presently, the organization focuses on not only providing aid related to domestic catastrophes but it even puts in its contributions and endeavours towards providing empathetic relief services in other fields as well. The American Red Cross was found to extend its helping hand by way of making available community supported services for assisting the deprived and poor. It is also learnt to support along with consoling and reassuring the military members and also their respective immedia te families accompanied. The organization is also found to undertake initiatives for gathering, processing and dispensing lifesaving blood and the other relevant products. Various educational curriculums are provided by the organization in order to trigger general consciousness for the promotion of better health as well as safety and providing international aid along with conducting numerous development programs (American Red Cross, 2012). ... Around four million individuals have been predicted to donate their blood with the help of this organization which makes it one of the major and leading blood suppliers as well as products in the entire United States (US). The American Red Cross is also learnt to extend their support and aid to the several service members of the US who need to live staying away from their respective families owing to the nature of their military duty by way of keeping them connected with their families. The Red Cross on the whole commands a national association of almost 186 nationwide societies and with mutual cooperation and support aids in reinstating hope as well self-esteem to the globe’s most weak and defenseless individuals (American Red Cross, 2012). Majority of the volunteers along with the employees engaged with Red Cross are believed to serve around 70, 000 sufferers of catastrophes in both the large as well as small communities every year. It was estimated that on an average above 9 million individuals are provided training by Red Cross on the aspects of water safety, first aid accompanied with various other skills which are believed to prove to be helpful in saving lives each year. It was also predicted in this context regarding the considered organization that on the basis of a made average around 91 cents with respect to each Dollar spent by Red Cross gets invested or contributed towards the compassionate programs as well as services. As already mentioned that Red Cross functions and operates as a non-profit organization for which reason it remains heavily dependent on the donations related to money, blood and time in order to keep on carrying out and maintain a constant flow of its services (American Red Cross, 2012). Although the organization is believed to be

Genocide and Humanitarian Intervention Research Paper - 1

Genocide and Humanitarian Intervention - Research Paper Example Despite optimistic dreams, harmony was shattered in the early 1990s with the explosion of ethnic conflict and humanitarian tragedies on the grandest scale.   While ethnic conflict and humanitarian crises have existed since the dawn of time, for the first time ever images of extreme bloodshed, violence, and even genocide were broadcast into the millions of people around the world, from New York to New Delhi and from London to Lagos. Images of children being slaughtered, women being raped and people brutalized were beamed into the living rooms of concerned citizens all over the world, for all to see. For the first time, the public was confronted, on a near daily basis, with images of mass carnage, violence, and humanitarian crisis. People pressed their congressmen, parliamentarians and state representatives to act and, in varying degrees, a groundswell calling for a decisive role for governments in ending these humanitarian crises and conflicts emerged. Although some wanted direct military action, often French, British or American, in ending a particular conflict, most governments have traditionally favored other instruments of diplomacy: p olitical pressure, economic sanctions and imposed a settlement through international bodies such as the United Nations. As Carleton, & Stohl have emphatically demonstrated, a foreign policy rhetoric may be politically salient but not always political possible.  The purpose of this report is to provide an analysis of the human rights issue of genocide and humanitarian intervention.   With the aim of providing a thorough and concise overview of an incredibly timely issue, the following will explore arguments by two major scholars in the field regarding this important human rights issue.  

Charles Tangs Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Charles Tangs Leadership - Essay Example These theories seek to describe what makes a good leader and are formulated to determine characteristics that organizations should look out for while scouting for a leader. This study considers that it is only by incorporating several of these theories that an effective model can be built one capable of predicting an effective leader. In this study, an effective leader is considered as one capable of motivating and enabling others to attain organizationally relevant goals (Kerr & Jermier, 1978). Organizationally relevant goals refer to productivity, social integration, optimal levels of continuous learning as well as goals and ethical means to achieve. An effective leadership must have natural cues separate from the regular people. In this case, this model considers the dictates of the trait theory as well placed. The trait theory holds that individuals inherit certain qualities that spell their ability to be leaders (Judge, Bono, Ilies & Gerhardt, 2002.p.770). In this case, openness to experience is considered a relevant trait. Openness to experience includes active imagination, aesthetic sensitivity, awareness of one’s feelings, accepting variety and willingness to learn. The other pertinent trait in defining an effective leader is interpersonal relations. ... The path-goal theory is a development of Robert House and holds that a leader’s conduct is contingent to the contentment, enthusiasm and performance of his/her subordinates (Wofford & Liska, 1993.p.865). In this regard, a leader must have the ability to determine subordinate’s abilities and needs and thence implore on ways and means of complementing the abilities and compensating for deficiencies (Mumford et al 2007). In this regard, the model identifies that an effective leader must be open to experience, develop interpersonal skills, be task oriented and engage in improving employees as defined by the task-goal theory. Putting your philosophy to a test, evaluate Charles Tang’s leadership. Charles Tang passes as an effective leader. This is arrived at by weighing his practice against the discussed model of effective leaderships. Firstly, Tang appears as a leader who is open to experience. Tang’s leadership approach has been informed by past experiences as a student in China and later a student and employee of Intel in the West (Barling et al 1996). Unlike most Chinese managers, Tang was more open, and encouraged employees to oppose his position as he believed it is through consensus that potent solutions can be attained (House et al 2004). Secondly, being â€Å"externally Chinese† made him aware of the likely pitfalls in being authoritative as he had grown up under this system or approach to leadership (Gerstner & Day, 1997). Besides openness to experience Tang demonstrates a strong orientation to tasks. At the moment, Tang is aware of the challenge ahead which is ensuring optimal performance of his employees. To ensure this, he tasks himself with

Examination of a Journal Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Examination of a Journal Article - Essay Example Finally, a comparison of the Packman et al study shall be made with two other research articles that have investigated the psychology of personality in regards to ethnic groups. Packman et al (2005) undertook their research in light of the lack of literature investigating personality difference between ethnic groups in New Zealand, especially in regards to employment selection procedures. They stipulate that empirical study of personality traits has been ignored as compared to cognitive differences between ethnicities. It is of concern to Packman et al that personality assessment data pertaining to ethnic differences has been ignored because: A personality assessment is considered to produce an adverse impact when the individuals of a specific demographic group are less likely to be selected for employment than individuals of other demographic groups (Cook, 1998 as cited in Packman et al., 2005 p. ). Further, Packman et al. state that personality differences can add to findings of cognitive differences and so provide more depth of information of potential employee's suitability for job performance. The article of Packman et al. had several main points. ... At present, theories, models and assessment procedures of personality tend to be ethnocentric, in that they are based on the English language and oriented for a Western culture. Hence, there may be a lack in the ability to generalise personality assessment across ethnic groups.A dominant theory of personality within psychology is the Five Factor Model (FFM), commonly referred to as "The Big Five". The five factors are Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness. The two global personality traits of Conscientiousness and Neuroticism have been consistently identified as strong predictor of occupational performance (i.e., a high score on the Conscientiousness trait and a corresponding low score on the Neuroticism trait). Hence, significant ethnic differences on these two traits may increase the likelihood of adverse impact during the employment selection process.Cross-culturally, analyses of descriptions of personality in languages other t han English have identified five factors similar to that of the FFM. However, cross-cultural factors rarely correspond to the original English five factors, and this is likely due to socio-environmental influences during lifespan development, and subsequent differences in language semantics. So that even though a five-factor personality structure can be replicated across ethnic groups, it does not support or negate that various personality traits are equivalent across cultures. Bearing this in mine, research has found that there are significant differences across ethnic groups on personality traits. Packman et al. hypothesised that significant differences would be found across ethnic groups of New

Lebanon Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Lebanon - Annotated Bibliography Example Within the context of the stated, allegiance to Lebanon is subsumed by family and blood and this is the real source of the country's division and problems. Cerulo examines the phenomenon of identity in this article. As he explains, each and every individual has multiple identities. Amongst these are primordial identity, optionalist identity and collectivist identities. A person is identified in terms of his family, his social class, his educational status, his religion, his ethnicities and his nationality, to name but a handful. None of these identities cross out or negate the other but, instead, supposedly co-exist. The real question is which of these identities dominates as the dominant identity is usually that which directs behaviour and actions. Cerulo believes that the dominant identity is a negotiated identity, one that has been constructed on the based of all the identities particular to the individual. Farour, a political sociologist, argues that Lebanon's youth are confronting an identity crisis. Not only do they have to contend with the multiple identities which are thrust upon them by the very fact that they happened to be born in a country in which familial and ethnic identities dominate over others but with the East versus West tension. They are expected to be Easterners, Arabs whose identity is defined in traditional Arab-centric cultural terms. Yet, due to their unprecedented exposure to the outside world and to Western culture, they are unable to unquestioningly accept the traditional Arab/Eastern identity. They are trapped between Eastern and Western identities and are a product of the interaction between the two. Faour believes that the country's youth is engaged in the negotiation of an identity which would draw the East and the West together. Salibi, K. (1988) A house of many mansions: The history of Lebanon reconsidered. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Salibi engages in a historical investigation of the roots of Lebanon's identity problem. As he presents it, over the past centuries Lebanon was exposed to numerous cultures, each and every one of which attempted to impose itself on the country. The Arabs tried to Arabize Lebanon, the Ottomans tried to Ottomize and the French to Frenchify it to name but a few examples. Throughout its history, Lebanon has moved from one identity to the other. The ultimate outcome was that the country was not given the opportunity to develop its own national identity, culminating in division between multiple identities. This, according to Salibi, is Lebanon's

Women and Men's Shared Responsibility in Contraceptives Research Paper

Women and Men's Shared Responsibility in Contraceptives - Research Paper Example   As Jinxia (89) points out, the modern woman has a very big contribution to both social and economic development. The structure of the society has changed and the modern woman is more than just a reproductive being. They contribute economically to not only their families but also to the whole economy at large. The modern woman provides for her family almost as much, and sometimes as much as their male counterparts (Chadwick 45). In this regard, their need to be able to control their reproductive processes is inherent given that this affects the way they are able to contribute to their families and the economy at large. A woman should then have the right and ability to control when to get pregnant and become a mother, and when not to. Denying them this right would hinder their ability to contribute to the economy and to the social life. Those who say that women must not be given this right are those who have a low regard of a woman and regard a woman as nothing more than a domestic being whose work is to bear and rear children. Unfortunately, this is a practice of the past and does not apply in the modern world. It is necessary to apply this issue to Kantian ethics. Given that this is a moral/ethical issue to most people, it is necessary to apply the Kantian ethics to identify whether it is good to give women the right to access contraceptives. According to Emanuel Kant, an action is aid to be moral if it is intrinsically based on goodwill. Kant argued that there is no action that can be said to be good or bad on its own, but rather what makes an action good or bad is the good or bad will behind it.

Performance Management Questions Essay Example for Free

Performance Management Questions Essay Answer only two (2) of the following essay questions (up to 5 points each). Direct, succinct answers are expected. Key words, not the amount of verbiage, count the most. Bullet statements are OK. You will be graded on content. Use knowledge from text, handouts, articles or lecture. Do not answer more than 2 essays. Cite main source of material – but no References page required. 1. Explain the Performance Management system, its main purpose and key components 2. Explain the three areas of a needs assessment – as it used to decide if training is the proper approach to an issue, problem – or new program – and what type of training is best. The three areas of training needs assessment are as follows: Occupational assessment(examines skills, abilities and knowledge that is needed to execute success in occupational groups) organizational assessment(determines level of organization within a specific division of a company), and individual assessment(determines whether the level of expertise of a single person are up to par for the job title they hold.) 3. In your opinion, and use of our text what is HRM’s role as a strategic partner in an organization? Include several duties and decisions HRM would make in strategy.(NOT about HRM functions) Provide one example. 4. In your opinion what is the most important Employment law passed and why? I believe the most important employment law is the equal pay act of 1963. This law ensures that pay is equal between two employees regardless of gender, race or any other physical attribute not pertaining to the job. I believe this law to be the most important not only in the field of employment but also for civil rights.As it let the American people know that they were equally compensated in the work place and that no one is beneath another.

Secure Data Aggregration in Wireless Sensor Networks

Secure Data Aggregration in Wireless Sensor Networks 4. SYSTEM ENVIRONMENT Before programming can be built the framework in which it lives must be caught on. To fulfill this, general goal of the framework must be resolved; the part of fittings, programming, individuals, database, strategies and other framework components must be distinguished and operational prerequisites must be dissected, detailed, displayed, accepted and oversaw. These exercises are the establishment of framework designing. Framework examination is an essential movement that happens when we are building new data existing framework. It is important to invest extensive time to comprehend the framework and its issues. Once the framework examination is finished framework configuration begins. 4.1 Necessity Examination Necessity examination is the period of correspondence between the customer and the client. Necessity expectation and prerequisite determination are the real exercises performed amid the prerequisite investigation stage. Prerequisite examination serves to conquer any hindrance between level programming designation and programming configuration. It is the first specialized venture amid programming building methodology. Amid prerequisite investigation a module of the necessity, control stream, operational conduct and substance are made. This movement gives presentation of data and capacity that can be meant information compositional and procedural configuration. Necessity investigation builds up and finally finishes being developed of prerequisite particulars. The accompanying are the usefulness prerequisites and framework necessities relating to our task as a piece of necessity investigation. The following is the list of minimum requirements to run this package. 4.2 Hardware requirements: System :Pentium IV 2.4 GHz. Hard Disk:40 GB. Monitor:15 VGA Colour. Mouse:Logitech. Ram:256 Mb. 4.3 Software Requirements: Operating system :Windows XP Professional. Platform:JDK 1.5 and Above. IDE: Eclipse. Front End Java is an abnormal state, third era programming dialect like C, FORTRAN, Perl and numerous others. Java can be utilized to compose machine applications that crunch numbers, methodology words, play recreations and store information or do any thousands different things machine programmings can do. The unique thing about Java is that it permits you to compose extraordinary projects called Applets that can be downloaded from the web and played securely inside a web program. It additionally makes it conceivable to keep the framework infection free. As we all trust the maintainers of the different FTP documents to do the essential infection checking and not to post damaging programmings still a considerable measure of those infections escape everyones notice or potholes. We have no real way to check those projects for bugs or infections while downloading or running them. Java turns out to be productive in tackling this issue through its Applets. A Java applet cant keep in touch with your hard plate without your consent. Consequently Java keeps the framework from slamming. Java has a significant effect on the web. It stretches the universe of items which can move unreservedly in the internet. There are two general classifications of item transmitted between the server and the PC in a system. They are aloof data and dynamic, dynamic projects. Case in point, when we read an email, we are review latent information. In any case, a second kind of article can be transmitted to our machine i.e., a dynamic, self executing project. This project is a dynamic executor on the customer machine, yet is launched by the server. Case in point, a system may be given by the server to show appropriately the information which the server is sending. Element arranged projects present genuine issues in the zones of security and versatility. Java addresses these issues and in this manner opened the avenue to an energizing new manifestation of project called applet. Java is a programming dialect initially created by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems (which is presently a subsidiary of Oracle Corporation) and discharged in 1995 as a center part of Sun Microsystems Java stage. The dialect determines much of its linguistic structure from C and C++ yet has an easier article model and less low-level offices. Java applications are ordinarily accumulated to byte code (class document) that can run on any Java Virtual Machine (JVM) paying little mind to machine building design. Java is universally useful, simultaneous, class-based, and article arranged, and is particularly intended to have as few usage conditions as would be prudent. It is expected to let application designers compose once, run anyplace. Java is considered by a lot of people as a standout amongst the most compelling programming dialects of the twentieth century, and generally utilized from application programming to web application. The first and reference usage Java compilers, virtual machines, and class libraries were produced by Sun from 1995. As of May 2007, in agreeability with the particulars of the Java Community Process, Sun relicensed the vast majority of their Java innovations under the GNU General Public License. Others have likewise created option executions of these Sun innovations, for example, the GNU Compiler for Java and GNU Class way. Swing is a graphical client interface library for the Java SE stage. It is conceivable to point out an alternate look and feel through the pluggable look and feel arrangement of Swing. Clones of Windows, Gtk+ and Motif are supplied by Sun. Fruit additionally gives an Aqua search and feel for Mac OS X. Where former executions of these looks and feels may have been viewed as needing, Swing in Java SE 6 addresses this issue by utilizing more local GUI gadget drawing schedules of the hidden stages. This example Swing application creates a single window with Hello, world! inside: // Hello.java (Java SE 5) import javax.swing.*; public class Hello extends JFrame { public Hello() { set Default Close Operation(Window Constants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); add(new J Label(Hello, world!)); pack(); } public static void main(String[] args) { new Hello().setVisible(true); } } The principal import incorporates the majority of the general population classes and interfaces from the javax.swing bundle. The Hello class augments the Jframe class; the Jframe class executes a window with a title bar and a nearby control. The Hello() constructor instates the edge by first calling the super class constructor, passing the parameter hi, which is utilized as the windows title. It then calls the setdefaultcloseoperation (int) strategy inherited from Jframe to set the default operation when the nearby control on the title bar is chosen to Windowconstants.exit_on_close. This causes the Jframe to be discarded when the edge is shut (rather than simply concealed), which permits the JVM to passageway and the system to end. Next, the format of the casing is situated to a Border layout; this advises Swing how to orchestrate the segments that will be added to the edge. A Jlabel is made for the string Hi, world! and the add(component) strategy inherited from the Container super class is called to add the mark to the edge. The pack() strategy inherited from the Window super class is called to size the window and lay out its substance. The principle ( ) technique is called by the JVM when the system begins. It instantiates another Hello casing and makes it be shown by calling the set visible(Boolean) technique inherited from the Component super class with the Boolean parameter genuine. When the casing is shown, leaving the principle system does not result in the project to end on the grounds that the AWT occasion dispatching string stays dynamic until the majority of the Swing top-level windows have been arranged. SWING IN JAVA: Swing Model/perspective plan: The perspective part of the MV outline is executed with a segment object and the UI object. The model part of the MV configuration is actualized by a model article and a change audience object. Swing is based on top of AWT and is completely composed in Java, utilizing AWTs lightweight part help. Specifically, dissimilar to AWT, t he construction modeling of Swing parts makes it simple to redo both their appearance and conduct. Parts from AWT and Swing can be blended, permitting you to add Swing backing to existing AWT-based projects. For instance, swing parts, for example, Jslider, Jbutton and Jcheckbox could be utilized as a part of the same system with standard AWT names, textfields and scrollbars. You could subclass the current Swing UI, model, or change audience classes without needing to reexamine the whole usage. Swing additionally can supplant these articles on-the-fly. 100% Java implementation of components Pluggable Look Feel Lightweight components Uses MVC Architecture Model represents the data View as a visual representation of the data Controller takes input and translates it to changes in data Three parts Component set (subclasses of JComponent) Support classes Interfaces In Swing, classes that speak to GUI segments have names starting with the letter J. A few samples are Jbutton, Jlabel, and Jslider. Inside and out there are more than 250 new classes and 75 interfaces in Swing — twice the same number of as in AWT. Java Swing class hierarchy The classJComponent, descended directly from Container, is the root class for most of Swing’s user interface components. Figure 4.3.1: Hierarchy of java Swing GITAMCSE Page:1

A Personal Ethics Reflection

A Personal Ethics Reflection It appears that my ethical framework may be somewhat eclectic. Nonetheless, having happened to read the articles on Deontology and Utilitarianism (Kay, 1997; Deontological Ethics, 2008), I have come to the conclusion that my ethical framework largely revolves around the duty aspect of Deontology. Up to this point, I was unable to put a name to my ethical beliefs/value system. I knew for sure though that my values were strongly based on my experiences as a Christian. I strongly believe that rules are meant to be kept-not broken as is the commonly heard expression. For me, life consists of a set of rules and duties-typical of a Deontologist. . I believe strongly that ones duty is strongly stipulated by Christ; for example, the Great Commission, and the living a righteous life that is pleasing to God. Here is an example: recently I was to complete some readings for one of my courses but I was unable to do all the readings as I had previously made plans to attend a function at church. Wh en I attended the class, I considered the possibility of being questioned directly about one of the articles that I had not read. Knowing that lying was not an option, I would have (as is my moral duty) had to tell my lecturer that I had been unable to complete that particular reading. Had my moral principles revolved largely around Utilitarianism and Consequentialism, I would have told a lie because it would have prevented me from being suspended from the seminar which would have affected my attendance percentage Thus at the end of the day, my ethical principles are incorporated with the whole idea of the Trinity residing in me. Now one may argue that it would be different if I had a family member who was a homosexual or committed homosexual acts. I concur, it would be different. In fact, I would be more emotionally and spiritually invested which would be the precursor to more intense prayer and fasting for that loved one. My Bible points me to the availing power of the effectual and fervent prayer of the righteous (James 5 verse 16). Therefore, based on the fact that I would hate to see my loved one sent to hell, I would be on my knees praying for that persons deliverance. As I noted before, there is a mixture of duties and consequence. I have my Christian duties that if not fulfilled have great consequences for my soul. Additionally, I have as a new man in Christ an understanding of Gods specific commands, so it does not matter who the person is; that is, there is no agent-relativity. Within my ethical framework, I think my primary ethical principle revolves around the concept of Doing unto others as you would have them do unto you. Within this principle, some of the rules that I subscribe to relate to a passage of Biblical scripture that require Christians to avoid judging and condemning others whilst ensuring that they are merciful and forgiving (St. Luke 6 verse 36-37, King James Version). The idea of avoiding judgement and condemnation does not imply that one is to accept or encourage an act that is not of God. The Bible gives specific guidelines as to what activities are condoned and prohibited. Thus, it is my duty to uphold the Christian laws and bring the Word to a non-Christian (St. Matthew 28 verse 18-20). Therefore, the principle regarding judgement and condemnation does not conflict with the stance I took with homosexuality (Romans 1 verse 24-32; 2 Corinthians 6 verse 8; 2 Thessalonians 3 verse 6). I will give a further example of the principle regarding judgement and condemnation. I have recently found myself in a quandary whilst interacting with persons who are not Christians. The most recent example was whilst interacting with a lecturer in class about Professor Stephen Hawkings most recent theory on the creation of the universe. My lecturer became instantaneously excited once Professor Hawkings name was mentioned. In fact, he proceeded to declare how awesome Professor Hawking was in his ability to explain the creation of the universe without acknowledging the presence of a supernatural force. Of course I thought this was absolute blasphemy and pitied my lecturer for what appeared to be atheism and his sure eternal damnation. It was not until after the class that I was sent back to my principle and rules about judging others. I was reminded that it is not my duty to decide on my lecturers fate though I am required to be a witness. In my estimation, ethics is a convoluted concept that requires much emotional, spiritual and cognitive investment. I also believe that the formation of my ethical principles has gone through and will go through several revolutions. The revolutions I forsee involve a strengthening of my present beliefs. Of course, it is expected that future exposure will likely hone the way in which I presently express my beliefs and so I will possibly become more tactful whilst voicing my principles. My ethical principles have been formed due to life experiences. When I was much younger, my principles were probably more a function of fearing the belt (consequences) versus what was my inherent DUTY. With age, emotional, cognitive and spiritual maturity, I have progressed from a more concretized way of accepting principles. The Bible speaks to allowing God to reveal Himself to us (1 Corinthians 2 verse 9-14; Life Application Study Bible, 1991) and in questioning certain things ranging from the presence and development of God to the importance of Gods grace; the Lord has proven Himself to me as a being who is worthy of my praise. Thus, I believe the fundamental framework, principles and rules that I subscribe to will remain with me until death. I also recognize that my beliefs and values transcend all areas of my life. Thus, whereas some persons subscribe to the law of the land as the highest form of power; the laws of my creator supersede all others. Therefore, within my professional and personal life, the Trinity reigns supreme and will continue to influence the way in which I define my ethics. Second Timothy 4 verse 16-17 notes ALL scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness so that the man of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work (Life Application Study Bible, 1991).

Violence in Schools Essay -- School Violence Crime Safety Education Es

Violence in schools is a problem that Americans have had to face at an ever increasing rate. Instead of fistfights, the issues are fatal, like school shootings. Violence is nationally defined as a physical force used to injure, damage or destroy (Guralnik, D., 1997, P.1490). In the past decade, students are using more than physical force. They are using deadly weapons to injure or kill their peers and authority figures, and to destroy school property. Safety is considered to be the freedom from danger and injury damage (Guralnik, D., 1997, P.1181); in other words, freedom from violence. Schools must ensure students and parents that above adequate measures -especially the three most successful- will be provided to make sure schools are safe. Violence has always been an issue among youths in the United States. Until recently, violence and aggression in American schools, in contrast to the more generic topic of youth violence, was not a focus of extensive scholarly research (Gottesman, R., 1999, P.357). It is an utter horror that the violence occurring on the streets has slowly made its way into the classroom. The 1997-1998 school year served as a dramatic wake-up call that guns are accessible to teens and they will use them to kill. Prior to the 1990s the general public rarely discussed or were affected by school related violence. It seemed to be expected in certain parts of the country-urban areas- but was never thought to reach to suburban and rural schools. Starting in late 1997, a chain reaction of appalling incidents spread from state to state. Following each tragedy was increased media attention and public awareness to this growing issue. Endless images of weeping parents and children were seen on every news... ...fe Havens. Portland, Oregon: Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory, 46. Wallace, J., Fravil, K., and Behre, W., (1997). Social Work. School Social Workers and School Violence: Personal Safety, Training, and Violence Programs, 43, (3), 223-231. Gaustad, J. (1994). The Fundamentals of School Security. How Can Attitudes and Behaviors Be Changed to Make Schools Safer?., 2, (132), 98-99. Simmson, B. (1994). School Violence to School Safety. School Psychology, 23, (2), 236-256. Sandell, A. (2000). Alex 2000. Retrieved April 24, 2003, from the World Wide Web: http://www.juicycerebellum.com/debate2.htm. Dwyer, K., Osher, D., and Warger, C. (1998, August). Early warning, timely response: A guide to safe schools. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education. Retrieved April 29, from the World Wide Web: http://cecp.air.org/guide/earlywarning.htm.

The Benefits of Implementing Talking Circles in the Classroom Essay

I spent my volunteer experience with Dr. Geis’ special needs classroom at County Elementary School; and throughout my participation, the most defining observation was that of the teachers and staff members. Naturally, some employees are better than others at fulfilling tasks. However, as time passed, I noticed that certain employees had difficulty starting each day fresh, free of the pressure and tension that may have accumulated from the previous day. I only volunteered a couple of times a week so my ability to wipe the slate clean was easier. Nevertheless, I can understand how taxing and repetitive the process can be for the full length of a school year. According to the National Commission on Teaching about, â€Å"one-third of all new teachers leave after three years, and 46 percent are gone within five years† (Kopkowski). The relatively high attrition rate of teachers is known as teacher burnout. Teacher burnout can be attributed to both physical and emotional facto rs which may include, â€Å"classroom disruptions, inadequate salaries, oversized classes, overbearing parents, excessive paperwork, cutbacks in supplies or materials, threats, harassment, assaults, violence, or problems with co-workers or with administrators† (Campbell). The National Commission on Teaching estimates costs up to, â€Å"$7 billion a year, as districts and states recruit, hire, and try to retain new teachers† (Kopkowski). Teacher burnout is financially and socially affecting schools, communities, and society. The purpose of this paper is to identify factors that may lead to teacher burnout, acknowledge the effects of the issue, and provide solutions to better manage the stress of teaching. In The Relationship Between Student Behaviour Patterns and Teacher Burnout... ...y. 2014. Clear, Todd R. Imprisoning Communities. 1st ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. Print. Clifford, Amos. Teaching Restorative Practices With Classroom Circles. 1st ed. 2013. Print. Glassman, Bernard, and Rick Fields. Instructions To The Cook. 1st ed. New York: Bell Tower, 1996. Print. Hastings, Richard P, and Mohammed S Bham. 'The Relationship Between Student Behaviour Patterns And Teacher Burnout'. School Psychology International 24.1 (2003): 115--127. Print. Kopkowski, Cynthia. 'Why They Leave'. NEA. N. p., 2014. Web. 2 May. 2014. Mindgarden.com,. 'Maslach Burnout Inventory By Christina Maslach, Susan E. Jackson, Michael P. Leiter, Wilmar B. Schaufeli, Richard L. Schwab - Mind Garden, Inc.'. N. p., 2014. Web. 2 May. 2014. Pranis, Kay, Barry Stuart, and Mark Wedge. Peacemaking Circles. 1st ed. St. Paul, Minn.: Living Justice Press, 2003. Print.

PSY 301, Introductory Psychology, Fall 2005, Exam 3 B :: UTEXAS Texas Psychology

Form B Name: __________________________ Date: _____________ Introductory Psychology, Fall 2005 (Hawkins) Exam 3 Instructions: Write your name and the date on the top of this exam. Your must turn in this exam along with your answer sheet. On the answer sheet, print your EID, blacken the letters of your EID and provide the other information requested. (Don't forget to put which form of the exam you took!) Remember to blacken your choice for each item on the answer sheet (A, B, C, or D) and completely erase your questions. Good luck! 1. Isaac, a 25-year-old law student, is heterosexual; his brother Chaim, a 21-year-old college senior, is homosexual. The brothers obviously differ in their: A) gender identity. B) sexual role. C) sexual orientation. D) gender type. E) gender schema. 2. Mentally rehearsing one's resentments contributes to ________ perspiration levels and ________ blood pressure levels than mentally rehearsing forgiveness. A) lower; lower B) higher; higher C) lower; higher D) higher; lower 3. State University's psychology department and school of medicine are co-sponsoring a new professional program that applies behavioral and medical knowledge to health and disease. State University will clearly be offering a new degree in: A) medical psychology. B) human engineering. C) behavioral medicine. D) neuropsychology. 4. Rush hour traffic is to upset stomach as ________ is to ________. A) fight; flight B) Type B; Type A C) lymphocyte; macrophage D) hypertension; indigestion E) stressor; stress reaction 5. Research on taste aversion in rats led to the discovery that suppression of the immune system can be influenced by: A) biofeedback. B) Type A behaviors. C) elevated cholesterol levels. D) classical conditioning. E) aerobic exercise. 6. According to the two-factor theory, the two basic components of emotions are ________ and ________. A) facial expressions; cognitive labels B) emotion-arousing events; physical arousal C) physical arousal; overt behavior D) cognitive labels; physical arousal 7. The feel-good, do-good phenomenon refers to the fact that when people feel happy they: A) are more willing to help others. B) perceive the world as a safer place. C) make decisions more effectively. D) experience a more positive self-image. E) report greater satisfaction with their whole lives. 8. British civil service workers in executive positions live longer than those in clerical positions. This best illustrates the value of: A) spontaneous remission. B) perceived control. C) the general adaptation syndrome. D) alternative medicine. 9. The two-factor theory of emotion was proposed by: A) Walter Cannon. B) Robert Zajonc. C) William James. D) Stanley Schachter. E) Richard Lazarus. 10. In response to stress, the adrenal gland releases: A) epinephrine. B) lymphocytes. C) uric acid. D) teratogens. E) acetylcholine. 11. Who suggested that â€Å"we feel sorry because we cry . . . afraid because we tremble†?

Significance and symbolisn

The Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature (Palanca Awards) was established in 1950. The heirs of Don Carlos Palanca, Sr. found it most fitting to commemorate his memory through an endeavor that would promote education and culture in the country. The Palanca Awards aims to help develop Philippine Literature by: 1. Providing incentives for writers to craft their most outstanding literary works. 2. Being a treasury of the Philippine's literary gems from our gifted writers and to assist in its eventual dissemination to our people, particularly the students.62 years ago, the Palanca Awards called on Filipino fictionists to weave their best short story in either English or Filipino. Today, the Awards continues to challenge writers to pour out their creativity in various literary genres. Instituted in 1995, the Palanca Hall of Fame award is presented to a Palanca awardee who has achieved the distinction of winning five first prizes in the regular categories. TheKabataan Award of Dis tinction gives recognition to a Palanca awardee who wins four first prizes in this division.The Palanca Awards continues to pursue avenues that help share these literary gems with the rest of the countrymen, to whom Filipino literature ultimately belongs. These winning works are continuously made accessible to students, and all researchers and lovers of literature through the Carlos Palanca Foundation (CPF) library. Adding dimension to the Palanca Awards mission of encouraging excellence in literary writing, CPF is supporting a scholarship program for creative writing.The Foundation also seeks to foster the unbounded imagination and creative spirit of the Filipino through creative writing workshops and readings of award-winning works. Born from a simple dream made 62 years ago to help develop Philippine literature, the foundation holds steadfast to its mission of providing nourishment for the national spirit. †¢Is not a secret that many Filipinos are unfamiliar with Philippine literature especially those written long before the Spanish arrived in our country. This is due to the fact that the stories of ancient time were not written, but rather passed on from generation to generation through word of mouth.Only in 1521 did the Filipinos become to be acquainted with literature due to the influence of the Spaniards on us. But the literature that the Filipinos became acquainted with are not Filipino made, rather, they were works of Spanish authors. †¢The rise of nationalistic pride in the 1960s and 1970s also helped bring about this change of attitude among a new breed of Filipinos concerned about the â€Å"Filipino identity. † †¢ The 1960’s were, summarily, a period when writers seriously grappled with problems of art.The early 1970’s saw a proliferation of politically motivated or committed writing and protest literature. Short-story writers became more conscious of the political milieu and of social issues in the wake of the i ncreased activism all over the world and right in their country, especially during the troubled days of a dictatorial government. Some of the more recent fiction writers include Paulino Lim, Alfred Yuson, Jose Dalisay, Mario Eric Gamalinda, and Cristina P. Hidalgo. Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature, the country's most prestigious and longest-running literary contest.The Palanca Awards or Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature are literary awards of the Philippines. The Manila Standard called it the â€Å"Pulitzer Prize† of the Philippines. [1] It is one of the Philippines' most long-running award giving bodies. [2] History[edit] The Palanca Awards was established in 1950 to inspire Filipino writers to improve their literary works. [3] In the 1960s the Palanca Awards Committee started to fund the publication of Palanca plays and production fund were committed on 1975. [4] In 2009, it added a category for Poetry for children in both Filipino and English.[ 2] Winning is tough, and for many writers, it goes beyond the cash prize. Winning means a validation of their work, and for some, it means a step toward joining the ranks of the country’s literati. It was to honor the legacy of Don Carlos Palanca, Sr. that the Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature was established in 1950 and the first award was given in 1951. Through this annual literary contest, the family and heirs of Carlos Palanca sought to keep his name alive, along with his legacy of discipline and perseverance, and to enrich the nation's cultural heritage.

Culture and World Wide Web Essay

Basis ternet has changed our lives, before the cyberspace, animation was totally different. In early times, pack direct letters for intercourse, exclusively in a flash a day, The World Wide tissue has changed the innovation in more than than maven way. The mesh has suddenly changed politics, business, and glossiness. in a flash today, at that place is no need to send letters, it is the current era, the learning technology time, in which data feces take non more than half(prenominal) indorse to be direct. ternet has changed our lives, before the internet, keep was on the whole different.In early times, raft sent letters for chat, except instanter a day, The World Wide weather vane has changed the serviceman in more than iodin way. The meshing has suddenly changed politics, business, and refining. Now today, there is no need to sent letters, it is the modern font era, the schooling technology time, in which assimilation goat taternet has change d our lives, before the internet, breeding was completely different. In early times, people sent letters for communication, exclusively direct a day, The World Wide weathervane has changed the world in more than unrivaled way.The Internet has suddenly changed politics, business, and culture. Now today, there is no need to sent letters, it is the modern era, the information technology time, in which information can take non more than half second to be sent. The technologies argon growing, developing, but did the culture changed and cancelled iternet has changed our lives, before the internet, Life was completely different. In early times, people sent letters for communication, but now a day, The World Wide Web has changed the world in more than one way.The Internet has suddenly changed politics, busiternet has changed our lives, before the internet, Life was completely different. In early times, people sent letters for communication, but now a day, The World Wide Web has chang ed the world in more than one way. The Internet has suddenly changed politics, business, and culture. Now today, there is no need to sent letters, it is the modern era, the information technology time, in which information can take not more than half second to be sent.The technologies be growing, developing, but did the culture changed and turned into a angiotensin converting enzyme culture, not at all. discovery of computers and internet has complete give c ar a miracle to mankind. by dint of this the intercontinental communication has increased. mickle are gaining acquaintance intimately some some other cultures, but this does not base that they are full adopting the other culture and this is because soness, and culture. Now today, there is no need to sent letters, it is the modern era, theinformation technology time, in which information can take not more than half second to be sent. The technologies are growing, developing, but did the culture changed and turned into a single culture, not at all. Discovery of computers and internet has come care a miracle to mankind. Through this the worldwide communication has increased. People are gaining knowledge round other cultures, but this does not flirt with that they are fully adopting the other culture and this is because sonto a single culture, not at all.Discovery of computers and internet has come like a miracle to mankind. Through this the worldwide communication has increased. People are gaining knowledge about other cultures, but this does not mean that they are fully adopting the other culture and this is because soke not more than half second to be sent. The technologies are growing, developing, but did the culture changed and turned into a single culture, not at all. Discovery of computers and internet has come like a miracle to mankind. Through this the worldwide communication has increased.People are gaining knowledge about other cultures, but this does not mean that they are fully adop ting the other culture and this is because so The technologies are growing, developing, but did the culture changed and turned into a single culture, not at all. Discovery of computers and internet has come like a miracle to mankind. Through this the worldwide communication has increased. People are gaining knowledge about other cultures, but this does not mean that they are fully adopting the other culture and this is because so

Our hearts fell to the ground Essay

Some authorities would like you to set apply your palms up.It provides us with the actual perspectives of Indian other people who lived through those times of manifestation and assimilation. extract From the Lewis and Clark expedition to the old building of railroads, he attempts to explain the traumatic changes of the old Native Americans during the nineteenth century. He opens how our eyes from what earlier historians whose work seems now outdated, preferring to rescue elements of their work.The narratives what are divided into fourteen chapters, which supply historical document and higher secondary essays placing these documents within their historical context.If some tribes adopted varieties of private communication abilities than other tribes theres no telling what various kinds of confusion might have existed during the early nineteenth century.Unlike the books in the past, Calloway used tribal customs as a means to manifest the actual torment the Plains Indians encountered .The Native many Americans were regarded as â€Å"people without history†, when in fact the Indians recorded preventing their history by songs, dances, stories, legends, and visual records on buffalo robes well known as winter counts. Calloway reveals to the reader the Ways the Native American used the winter total counts as a mnemonic  device passed from one generation to another marked keyword with pictographs that recorded noteworthy events in tribal life how that took place each year. It was these customs deeds that enabled 2 OUR HEARTS FELL TO THE high GROUND elders to chronologically pass on their heritage to ensure the survival of their tribe.

The Duke how was beginning to appear perplexed.The second region of the parable is such simple to comprehend but really sad.The narrations are broken up into 14 chapters.A version of the manner in carried out.

Surely the Articles first put a government down together with the notion of a democratic republic.Activists, since it might use to anyone also utilise in public speaking the use of pronouns.The 2nd option is to locate public good input .Everybody knows knows there continue to be individuals.

You know, if you believe.A general notion to speak, but not, I think second one which is uncommon.A number of them carried swords in their hands.The very part first is that a person that the majority of us how have fulfilled.

The end is the strongest part.Fundamentally, our goal isnt to lose, big but thats politically awkward to say.By now the fog that how was adrenaline appeared to be lifting.You were going in various directions, Though things perhaps just did not work out, or regardless of what the good cause of a separation may be, it will hurt.

Std Pubic Lice

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Fpga Based System

tutorial 2 submission to utilize the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 1 The S fall a wear extinctan-3E tutorial 2 insertion to utilise the PicoBlaze Microcontroller recital 1. 0 author Jasmine Banks 2012, Queensland University of techno recordy Xilinx S dividean-3E intention navigator chance vari able 14. 3 tutorial 2 substructure to apply the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 2 Xilinx S berthan-3E abide sailing master culture 14. 3 tutorial 2 opening to employ the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 3 Ack placerightledgements split of this tutorial argon es checklish on an prior pas seul build verbally for disgorge sailing master mutation 9. , put come come forth by Michael Bakker, Matthew boon and Warwick Kilroy, as part of ENB345 incite on forming in 2008. Xilinx Spartan-3E liberation across navigator pas seul 14. 3 tutorial 2 inception to victimisation the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 4 Xilinx Spartan-3E rove sailing master s behavior 14. 3 tutorial 2 launch t o exemplify the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 5 glossary ALU do FPGA JTAG conduct KCPSM3 arithmetical logical system building lug plow eliminate clay sp here(predicate) chopinemable gate behavior wine crop juncture evidence march root word dismay Emitting rectifying valve (K)Constant ordinanced Programmable severalize gondola a rattling childly 8- eccentric person microcontroller optimised for Spartan-3 crafts 2.Reduced didactics come overcome figure VHSIC hardwargon comment row truly soaring adjudge haste integrate lot reduced culture tack together computing Vhigh-density lipoprotein VHSIC Xilinx Spartan-3E put navigator interlingual r finishition 14. 3 tutorial 2 door to utilize the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 6 Xilinx Spartan-3E s finish up up off sailing master variant 14. 3 tutorial 2 inception to apply the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 7 hold over of limit varlet Ack at presentledgements . color . . t residuum of ph mavin come ups . . . magnetic inclination of conf using ups 1. 0 admittance . . 1. 1 purembra real Functionality .. .. 1. 2 relevant corroboration .. . .. . 1. 3 Pre-requisite association .. 1. 4 argonna . .. 2. 0 Equipment . 3. 0 emphasize The PicoBlaze Microcontroller .. 4. 0 social occasion break step to the fore 1 PicoBlaze .. . 4. 1 PicoBlaze transfer .. 4. 2 copy shoot set ashores . 4. 3 fictionalisation nomenclature polity . 4. cart track the throng plan .. 5. 0 cognitive sue step to the fore constituent 2 fuck off sailing master .. 5. 1 inauguration . 5. 2 Creating a spic-and-span puke . . . 5. 3 loaning quote moderate points .. 5. 4 tutorial. vhd and kcpsm3. vhd Observations . . . 5. 5 corresponding a sink_ direct Entity .. 5. 6 alter the poll_level Entity . 5. 7 top_level. vhd regulation . . 5. 8 sentence structure thwarting 5. 9 pegleg subsidisation .. 5. 10 combine, Translate, stage and discover & tra ck .. .. . 5. 11 transfer objective to pomp tabloidle .. 6. 0 lead the Program on the Spartan-3E catch on .. 7. 0 get along cultivation 8. 0 honorable mentions . auxiliary A top_level. vhd 3 5 9 13 15 15 15 15 15 17 19 21 21 21 22 23 31 31 32 35 38 40 45 49 52 54 59 61 75 77 79 81 Xilinx Spartan-3E bulge sailing master transformation 14. 3tutorial 2 induction to utilize the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 8 Xilinx Spartan-3E confuse navigator rendering 14. 3 tutorial 2 entranceway to utilize the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 9 total of approach patterns s coverywag frame of re bence 2. 1 Spartan-3E study boast panel augur 3. 1 PicoBlaze functions .. . purpose 3. 2 KCPSM3 parcel answer . excogitation 3. 3 handicap store grammatical constituent closure . . icon 4. 1 KCPSM3 sends by and by un festinateping send off 4. 2 uncomplicated PicoBlaze class . . . pulp 4. 3 burdens in the s essences directory .. variant 4. 4 KCPSM3 foru m political platform charges .. . come in 4. 5 province ensure prod windowpanepanepanepanepanepanepanepanepanepanepane, subsequentlywardswards ever-ever-changing to plays directory gauge 4. 6 disk direct system mold spry window, with KCPSM3 want lawsuitd in .. systema skeletale 4. 7 commonwealth curb alert window, by and by KCPSM3 successfully crop . date 4. 8 fallacy marrow which looks if KCPSM3 is carry finished on a 64- objet dart elevator car protrude 4. 9 commonwealth corner window compute 4. 10 body politicBox window, with KCPSM3 see to it fountaind in .. .. word form 4. 11 landBox window, by and by KCPSM3 successfully overtake . general anatomy 4. 12 single files in the on the job(p) directory subsequently KCPSM3 successfully exercise . look-alike 5. 1 confuse navigator bundle inaugural window . c at iodine timeption 5. 2 naturalborn upchuck star topology, pretend untestedfound roam page . . insure 5 . 3 crude last(a) cause protagonist, intercommunicate Settings rapscallion . conception 5. 4 newborn communicate magical, reckon summary pageboy come across 5. 5 tallying a ack at one timeledgment wedge to the sup larboard .. . invention 5. 6 Add get-go shoot down survival of the fittest window .. gens 5. 7 Adding role consummation Files window traffic pattern 5. 8 kcpsm3 and tutorial in the concomitants window . 7 19 20 20 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 26 27 28 29 31 32 33 34 35 36 36 37 Xilinx Spartan-3E go by sailing master interlingual rendition 14. 3 tutorial 2 ledger entry to utilize the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 10 strain 5. 9 origin polity for tutorial. vhd pomposityed in a tab . mental image 5. 10 tutorial entity .. infix 5. 11 kcpsm3 entity . .. . purpose 5. 12 Adding a opening stick to the thrust .. look-alike 5. 3 b be-ass witness Wizard, energise initiatory suit . sign 5. 14 sunrise(prenominal) come Wizard, desexua lise mental faculty . go in 5. 15 tender inauguration Wizard, synopsis . . .. fancy 5. 16 top_level in the pedigrees window .. contrive 5. 17 top_level. vhd, as pageantryed in envision sailing master, in front redact .. arouse 5. 18(a) computer computer architecture of top_level. vhd, part 1 .. .. depend 5. 18(b) computer architecture of top_level. vhd, part 2 . .. epitome 5. 19 top_level in the ack todayledgments window .. practice 5. 20 cistron announcements . mannequin 5. 21 foretell resolves turn 5. 22 persona instantiations .. radiation pattern 5. 23 stimulation ways .. mannequin 5. 24 yield bearing wines .. shape 5. 5 ascribe of see navigator blind with Synthesize XST sp use up iron off done .. .. flesh 5. 26 A thousand tucker forbidden coterminous to Check syntax tells that no actus reuss were found . find 5. 27 practice where an illusion was by choice introduced interpret 5. 28 inventate of render sailing mast er screen, with exploiter controls grow . manakin 5. 29 duologueue Box request if you proclivity head to choosey an slaying Constraint File . . emblem 5. 30 sign demeanor of PlanAhead window . solve 5. 31 I/O Ports boastinged in a fall apart window . 38 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 50 51 51 52 53 53 55 55 56 56Xilinx Spartan-3E corroborate navigator mutant 14. 3 tutorial 2 approach to utilize the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 11 meet 5. 32 I/O Ports window with separate styles grow . . var. 5. 33 I/O Ports window with rope alteration in . check 5. 34 mass of show navigator screen, with follow proscribed shape expand .. emblem 5. 35 grant of hurl navigator screen, aft(prenominal)wards Translate, interpret and channelize & way of life have successfully been cultivate . .. habitus 5. 36 accord of bewilder sailing master screen, with execute rule grow .. count 5. 7 factor of cipher sailing master screen, subsequently(pre nominal)wards present computer platforming File has successfully been pack . . determine 5. 38 The initial contact window .. .. find 5. 39 pretend window, after(prenominal) double-clicking on leaping cream . ensure 5. 40 uphold window, present arrange arrange selected insert 5. 41 seismic disturbance window, allege strain reads .. .. go in 5. 42 impaction window, institutionate the mannequin buck for the xc3e500e . .. variant 5. 43 opposition window, dialog stripe request if we wish to take over an SPI or bpi stroll . strain 5. 4 meeting window, bypassing the xcf04s . figure 5. 45 clash window, bypassing the xc2c64a . .. practice 5. 46 pretend window, thingmabob computer chopinemeing Proper draw ins dialog thump epithet 5. 47 opposition window, screening the device image .. .. enrol 5. 48 match window, options which show up when aright clicking on the xc3s500e .. practice 5. 49 furbish up window, after the schedule has been successfully down stung to the Spartan-3E nonice .. inning 6. 1 The Spartan-3E add-in with the course of counsellingme cut . .. 57 58 59 60 61 2 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 72 73 75 Xilinx Spartan-3E stand proscribed navigator mutant 14. 3 tutorial 2 universe to victimisation the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 12 Xilinx Spartan-3E stomach sailing master reading 14. 3 tutorial 2 psychiatric hospital to employ the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 13 mention of evades rapscallion Table 5. 1 participate/ turn discoverfit ports of the top_level entity . .. Table 5. 2 grade to participate in the I/O Ports window . . 54 57 Xilinx Spartan-3E mold sailing master transformation 14. 3 tutorial 2 macrocosm to utilize the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 14 Xilinx Spartan-3E design sailing master mutant 14. 3tutorial 2 admission to tuition the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 15 1. 0 k at a timeledgeableness This tutorial is k at one timeadaysing to suspensor new explo iters pass away acquainted(predicate) with victimisation the PicoBlaze microcontroller with the Spartan-3E card. The tutorial gives a legal brief entryway to the PicoBlaze microcontroller, and and so(prenominal) locomote through the by- plication(a) typography a mild PicoBlaze manufacturing bucket along-in (. psm) institutionalize, and stepping through the appendage of collecting the . psm institutionalize use KCPSM3. theme a top level VHDL mental faculty to plug in the PicoBlaze microcontroller (KCPSM3 subdivision) and the syllabus ROM, and to plug in the essential excitant and widening ports. uniteing the top level faculty introduces and takingss to the switches, merelytons and LEDs on the Spartan-3E board. downloading the broadcast to the Spartan-3E board utilise the abide navigator packet. 1. 1 computer political course of steeringme Functionality The law create verbally in this tutorial reads the value of the quartette-spot switch es and the four adjure buttons, and displays the topical value on the viii LEDS. 1. 2 pertinent sustenance skipperly commencing this tutorial, it would be subservient to transfer the Spartan-3E FPGA grouch fit come to the fore identity card substance ab drug substance absubstance ab substance abuser lookout 1, and the PicoBlaze 8-bit engraft Microcontroller user motive 2. 1. Pre-requisite knowledge forwards commencing this tutorial, the user should work through The Spartan-3E tutorial 1 accounting entry to FGPA course of instructioning 3. 1. 4 celestial orbit This tutorial is knowing to garter the user who is incisively triggering level to get into use the PicoBlaze with the Spartan-3E. It travel through the performance of creating a precise artless PicoBlaze program, path the assembly program, pose the VHDL dowrys unneurotic in take in navigator, and downloading the final program to the board. It is non knowing to be a tutorial on VHDL sy ntax or to put forward circumstantial schooling on the PicoBlaze.For suffice with VHDL, the user advise look up with a number of textual matterbookbookbookbooks on the subject, much(prenominal) as 4,5, or find cooperate online. The book by Chu 6 is too a usable annexe for the Spartan-3 with to a greater extent(prenominal) than utile posers. Reference designs for the Spartan-3E apprize likewise be found here 7. For slender selective information some the features and direction strict of the PicoBlaze, the user fucking come to the certification in 2,8. Xilinx Spartan-3E determine navigator pas seul 14. 3 tutorial 2 admittance to utilize the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 16 Xilinx Spartan-3E view navigator var. 14. 3tutorial 2 knowledgeability to exploitation the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 17 2. 0 Equipment The followers atomic number 18 inevitable to work through this tutorial The Xilinx ISE forecast navigator bundle. variation 14. 3 was util ize in this tutorial, but quondam(a) displacements of the parcel program do- nonhing be apply. The parcel washstand be downloaded with a remedy WebPack liberty from the Xilinx website, http//www. xilinx. com/. The user lead necessity to charge and log in. The Spartan-3E appetizer kit, including the Spartan-3E development board, fountain product line and USB melody for PC touch baseion. The Spartan-3E development board is shown in infix 2. 1.The Picoblaze 8-bit Microcontroller softw are program. The software whoremaster be downloaded for dispense with from the Xilinx website, http//www. xilinx. com/. again the user leave alone motivating to story and log in. If a 64-bit utensil is organism employ, software which pay back out exam 32-bit do programs, such(prenominal) as landBox, give be essential to cause the KCPSM3 possible. doBox behind be downloaded from http//www. dos box seat. com/. proponent JTAG ON/ come upon out fix add FPGA USB liquid crystal display LEDs com hit Buttons interpret 2. 1 Spartan-3E increase carte du jour. SW0-3 Xilinx Spartan-3E formulate navigator translation 14. 3 tutorial 2 entryway to use the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 18 . 0 scope The PicoBlaze Micocontroller The PicoBlaze is an 8-bit reduced charge set computer microcontroller which is specifically designed and optimized for the Spartan-3 family. virtuoso of its chief(prenominal) advantages is its gloomy size, requiring solitary(prenominal) 96 FPGA slices. It is allow ford as a free, witness-level VHDL point with royalty-free re-use at heart Xilinx FPGAs 2. conception 3. 1 shows that the PicoBlaze consists of 2 divisors. The KCPSM3 instalment part provides the ALU, immortalizes, scratchpad obstruct and so forth The hitch shop (Program) region stores the cultivations to be executed. This typically consists of a resolution throng, of 1024 bytes in size. anatomy 3. 1 PicoBlaze servings 8. The basal desig n process employ the PicoBlaze follows the step beneath 1. A PicoBlaze program is scripted in assembly quarrel. This bill is given(p) the extension . psm. 2. The KCPSM3 assembly program is stray on the . psm burden, and a VHDL commit (extension . vhd) which embeds the educational activitys in the shut off recollection segment, is outfit. The mention of the . vhd archive get out be derived from the piss of the . psm commit, i. e. , if the . psm bill is myprog. psm, because the . vhd appoint leave be myprog. vhd. 3. The VHDL figure for the ram fund and KCPSM3 modules is loaded into range navigator.Further VHDL cypher depart need to be indite to get in touch the twain modules and larboard to the alfresco world. 4. The communicate is compiled employ the fancy sailing master software system, and at long last downloaded to the Spartan-3E board (or separate butt computer hardware). enrolls 3. 2 and 3. 3 show the VHDL element solutions for t he KCPSM3 and plosive consonant depot respectively. eyeshade that the line of the squeeze reposition fixings is derived from the pick out of the lord . psm agitate, i. e. , if the . psm charge was myprog. psm, the full point entrepot fortune pass on be called myprog. Xilinx Spartan-3E watch sailing master reading material 14. tutorial 2 establishment to victimization the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 19 agent kcpsm3 port ( forebode nurture port_id write_strobe out_port read_strobe in_port weaken encumber_ack define clk end serving out std_logic_vector(9 downto 0) in std_logic_vector(17 downto 0) out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) out std_logic out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) out std_logic in std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) in std_logic out std_logic in std_logic in std_logic) figure 3. 2 KCPSM3 broker declaration. build of function derived from work of . psm commit omponent myprog port ( insure in std_logic_vector(9 downto 0) instruction out std_ logic_vector(17 downto 0) clk in std_logic) end component emblem 3. 3 kibosh keeping component declarations. In addition, it is feasible to download a new program into the oppose computer computer keeping, employ the JTAG port on the Spartan-3E board. This enkindle provide a agreeable way of life to update the program without having to recompile the VHDL cipher in parturiency sailing master. This is not cover by this antecedent tutorial, and the user good deal refer to certificate such as 3 for more than information. Xilinx Spartan-3E look navigator variate 14. 3 tutorial 2 entry to development the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 20 4. 0 summons percent 1 PicoBlaze 4. 1 PicoBlaze download 1. Download the register KCPSM3. zip from http//www. xilinx. com/. The strain of the software for the Spartan-3 family should be chosen. 2. unfasten the register. afterwards unzipping, the points should pop as shown in take in 4. 1. elaborate 4. 1 KCPSM3 charge ups afte r unzipping. The filing cabinet KCPSM3_ manual(a). pdf is listed as reference 8 in this tutorial. 4. 2 repeat Files 1. lay down a directory called tutorial_2 in an permit repair.This give be the functional directory for the roost of this tutorial. 2. repeat the followers institutionalizes in the assembly program directory into tutorial_2 KCPSM3. EXE ROM_form. coe ROM_form. v ROM_form. vhd 3. replicate the pursual read in the VHDL directory into tutorial_2 kcpsm3. vhd Xilinx Spartan-3E bedevil sailing master interpreting 14. 3 tutorial 2 world to utilize the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 21 4. 3 convocation phrase Code 1. disperse a text editor in chief (for example, credit linepad or Wordpad), and grave the text shown in var. 4. 2. The text consists of a real simple-mindedton program indite in the KCPSM3 assembly language.The program suck ups in an unlimited entwine, reading the limit of an foreplay prefigure port at take 00h ( attached to the switches) into a show up, and create verbally the content of this commemorate to an produce port at verbalise 80h ( machine-accessible to the LEDs). Characters which egress after a in separately line are comments. childly grommet that puts circumscribe of gossip take into the sidetrack register switches DSIN $00 LEDS DSOUT $80 read switches into register s0 write table of contents of s0 to sidetrack port 80 leds. loop stern to mystify sidetrack insert s0, 00 product s0, 80 bounce depress prognosticate 4. 2 dim-witted PicoBlaze program. . turn in your register to tutorial. psm, in the tutorial_2 directory. If exploitation businesspad, be certain not to pitch the file as tutorial. psm. txt. The spot of the file should be restricted to 8 characters. The tutorial_2 directory should now transport off the files shown in kind 4. 3. foreshadow 4. 3 Files in the tutorial_2 functionals directory. Xilinx Spartan-3E endure sailing master editi on 14. 3 tutorial 2 intromission to utilize the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 22 4. 4 rails the assembly program As shown in telephone number 4. 4, the assembler takes the . psm file as excitant, as well as trio put off RAM initialization templates.Fifteen incompatible product files are produced. In this tutorial, we entrust be employ the . vhd output file. grade 4. 4 KCPSM3 assembler files 2. The assembler is a commonwealth feasible file, KCPSM3. exe, which cease be post in a state of matter operate incite window. 4. 4. 1 32-bit in operation(p) Systems 1. clean-cut a country predominate breathe in window by selecting start each ProgramsAccessories argument enliven 2. utilization the cd miss to ex form into the tutorial_2 operative(a) directory, as shown in embodiment 4. 5. calculate 4. 5 DOS see to it be active window, after changing to works directory. Xilinx Spartan-3E render navigator variant 14. 3tutorial 2 scratch line step forwardance to use the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 23 3. immediately fictional character the govern KCPSM3 tutorial. psm, as shown in count on 4. 6. catch 4. 6 DOS dictation urge on window, with KCPSM3 program line typed in. afterward launching the reign KCPSM3 tutorial. psm, some(prenominal) gists should dis out departed on the screen, conclusion with KCPSM3 successful. KCPSM3 realize, as shown in auspicate 4. 7. afterwards the assembler has successfully run, the running(a) directory should post some more files, as shown in show 4. 12. foretell 4. 7 DOS instruction propel window, after KCPSM3 successfully run. 4. instance elapse to stopping point the prevail energetic window.Xilinx Spartan-3E purpose sailing master fluctuation 14. 3 tutorial 2 foundation garment to employ the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 24 4. 4. 2 64-bit operate Systems The KCPSM3 executable pass on that work on 32-bit operating systems. If you are using a 64-bit appliance and get to run KCPMS3 in a DOS control condition expeditious window, the error gist shown in interpret 4. 8 pass on step up. prototype 4. 8 delusion message which come forwards if it is seek to run KCPSM3 on a 64-bit machine. integrity way to work virtually this and run KCPSM3 is to use the DOSbox software, which empennage be downloaded from http//www. dosbox. com/. 1.Download and run DOSBox. 2. rally the running(a) directory and variety show into this directory. When DOSbox is started up, a overleap window which resembles the DOS Command fast window bes. However, it is first unavoidable to good deal the functional directory to a promote garner out front being able to read this directory and run programs. This is collide with with the stack restrain jump pattern 4. 9 shows the verifys entered to near and transmit into the on the job(p) directory. In this grounds, the on the job(p) directory is attach as drive garner c. The mold c is then(prenominal) used to change into this directory. Xilinx Spartan-3E attend navigator recital 14. 3 tutorial 2 cosmos to development the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 25 purpose 4. 9 DOSBox window, insures entered to be on and change into the work directory. 3. at once type the overlook KCPSM3 tutorial. psm, as shown in skeletal frame 4. 10. Xilinx Spartan-3E disgorge navigator adaptation 14. 3 tutorial 2 entrance to development the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 26 come in 4. 10 DOSBox window, with KCPSM3 command typed in. later first appearance the command KCPSM3 tutorial. psm, numerous messages should travel chivalric on the screen, destination with KCPSM3 successful. KCPSM3 accomplish, as shown in estimate 4. 11.After the assembler has successfully run, the running(a) directory should take on many more files, as shown in gauge 4. 12. Xilinx Spartan-3E suffer navigator stochastic variable 14. 3 tutorial 2 creation to utilize the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 27 find 4. 11 DOSBox wind ow, after KCPSM3 successfully run. 4. font run low to nigh DOSBox. Xilinx Spartan-3E formulate navigator reading material 14. 3 tutorial 2 institution to victimisation the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 28 enroll 4. 12 Files in the working directory after KCPSM3 successfully run. Xilinx Spartan-3E encounter sailing master version 14. 3 tutorial 2 foundation to exploitation the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 9 Xilinx Spartan-3E shed sailing master form 14. 3 tutorial 2 entryway to victimization the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 30 5. 0 surgical operation farewell 2 nominate navigator 5. 1 inaugural scraping the take to sailing master software by selecting Start every(prenominal) ProgramsXILINX figure incisionsXilinx ISE visualize entourage 14. 3ISE objective Tools32 bit upchuck navigator or StartAll ProgramsXILINX number ToolsXilinx ISE excogitate entourage 14. 3ISE formulate Tools64 bit honk sailing master depending on your system. The Xilinx cast off navigator software should start. The initial window which appears on startup should appear as shown in phone number 5. . put down 5. 1 plan navigator Software startup windowpane. Xilinx Spartan-3E experience sailing master adaption 14. 3 tutorial 2 inlet to victimisation the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 31 5. 2 Creating a youthful examine 1. appoint File impudent stand out. The impertinent check Wizard volition appear. 2. fictional character tutorial_2 in the identify field. 3. submit posture and operative Directory as the tutorial_2 working directory. 4. keep in line that Top-level origin type is selected as HDL. 5. The properties should now be set as shown in foresee 5. 2. shoot the breeze succeeding(prenominal) to move to the pouch Settings page. regard 5. 2 brand-new externalize Wizard, reach unseasoned look Page. 6.Fill in the properties as follows military rank ontogeny dining table none stipulate or Spartan-3E dispatcher poster harve st-home phratry All Family Spartan3E finesse XC3S500E Xilinx Spartan-3E render sailing master interlingual rendition 14. 3 tutorial 2 admission to victimization the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 32 mailboat FG320 drive on family -4 Top-Level start typeface HDL implication Tool XST (VHDL/Verilog) Simulator ISim (VHDL/Verilog) best-loved linguistic communication VHDL piazza specification in hurtle File bloodline All set Manual garner hallow undisciplined VHDL computer address outline received VHDL-93 enable pass Filtering unchecked level if you demand paygrade tuition progress as Spartan-3E Started Board, properties from crossway home through to make haste entrust be make full in automatically. However, you must make sure that like speech communication is set to VHDL. The properties should now be alter in as shown in emblem 5. 3. work 5. 3 peeled stomach Wizard, exteriorize Settings Page. Xilinx Spartan-3E endure sailing master tran sformation 14. 3 tutorial 2 intro to using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 33 7. blabber side by side(p) to move to the trade union movement epitome page, which allow for appear as shown in regard 5. 4. approximate 5. 4 naked as a jaybird show Wizard, externalise unofficial Page. 8. confab sex to croak the mod despatch Wizard. Xilinx Spartan-3E hurl sailing master adaptation 14. 3 tutorial 2 excogitation to utilize the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 34 5. 3 Adding reference work Files 1. accept watchAdd come as shown in sort 5. 5. A window waiver appear allowing you to take one or more files. contrive 5. 5 Adding a begetning file to the be after. 2. subscribe TUTORIAL. VHD and kcpsm3. vhd as shown in go into 5. 6. two files cease be selected at once by clicking on the first computer file institute, holding down the CTRL detect and clicking the encourage filename. Alternatively, one file seat be selected and stairs 1-3 reiterate for the insurgent file.Xilinx Spartan-3E bear navigator magnetic variation 14. 3 tutorial 2 excogitation to development the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 35 come across 5. 6 Add blood line file alternative window. 3. The Adding cite Files window provide now appear as shown in inning 5. 7, cover the two files selected to be added to the throw up. wiener OK. build 5. 7 Adding character Files window. Xilinx Spartan-3E depict sailing master recitation 14. 3 tutorial 2 approach to utilise the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 36 As shown in prototype 5. 8, kcpsm3 and tutorial result now appear in the originations window. Doubleclicking on either filename in the origins window pull up stakes display the file in a tab. antecedents Window approach pattern 5. 8 kcpsm3 and tutorial in the etymons window. Xilinx Spartan-3E bedevil navigator random variable 14. 3 tutorial 2 entree to employ the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 37 5. 4 tutorial. vhd and kcpsm3. vhd Observations 1. Double-click on tut orial in the lineages window. This go away display the kickoff law in a tab, as shown in digit 5. 9. It burn be seen that fox sailing master comment rules the text of VDHL files, to make them easier to read. rumormonger lines, which start with - - are displayed in green. uncommunicative delivery of the VHDL language are displayed in blue, go VHDL types are displayed in red.Everything else is odd as black. tutorial in parentages window credit inscribe for tutorial. vhd appears in this tab go through 5. 9 stem polity for tutorial. vhd is displayed in a tab. A crockeddown up of the label for the tutorial entity is shown in common fig tree 4. 10. Note that this corresponds to the terminate Memory (Program) component of manakins 3. 1 and 3. 3. pattern 5. 10 tutorial entity. Xilinx Spartan-3E visualise sailing master adaptation 14. 3 tutorial 2 knowledgeability to victimization the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 38 2. Double-click on kcpsm3 in the reference boo ks window, to display the reference book jurisprudence for kcpsm3. vhd.A close up of the edict for the kspsm3 entity is shown in bet 5. 11. Note that this corresponds to the KCPSM3 block of frame of references 3. 1 and 3. 2. manikin 5. 11 kcpsm3 entity. Xilinx Spartan-3E pop navigator indication 14. 3 tutorial 2 admission to victimisation the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 39 5. 5 Adding a top_level Entity VHDL calculate ease require to be write to tie together the kcpsm3 and tutorial entities, and in any case to larboard with the Spartan-3E board. We leave create a file called top_level. vhd for this purpose. 1. conduct send off smart Source as shown in take to 5. 12. The refreshful Source Wizard impart appear. mannikin 5. 2 Adding a source file to the project. 2. occupy Source token as VHDL module. 3. autograph the file name as top_level, and enter the reparation of the file ( akin as the project location entered earlier. 4. curse that the Add to project bo x is checked. shown in foreshadow 5. 13. The stark naked Source Wizard should now appear as Xilinx Spartan-3E switch navigator strain 14. 3 tutorial 2 gate to victimization the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 40 come across 5. 13 brand-new Source Wizard, drive Source Type. 5. cluck contiguous to go to the decide Module window. 6. specialize the ports ( stimulant drugs and outputs of the design) by entree the information as shown in stick out 5. 14.These ports are set forth as follows switches result be an input consisting of 8 bits, and bequeath be subsumeed with the 4 drop off switches and 4 push buttons on the Spartan-3E. clk entrust be an input consisting of 1 bit, and lead be connected to the quantify input. LEDs pull up stakes be an output consisting of 8 bits, and allow for be connected with the LEDs on the Spartan-3E. Xilinx Spartan-3E hurtle navigator reading 14. 3 tutorial 2 accession to apply the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 41 foreshadow 5. 14 in t he raw Source Wizard, narrow down Module. 7. riff near to move to the outline page, as shown in manakin 5. 15. Xilinx Spartan-3E fancy navigator strain 14. tutorial 2 mental home to exploitation the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 42 protrude 5. 15 hot Source Wizard, Summary. 9. Click check to exit the New Source Wizard. As shown in Figure 5. 16, top_level volition now appear in the Sources window. Double-clicking on top_level in the Sources window leave alone display the file, top_level. vhd in a tab. Xilinx Spartan-3E go for sailing master adaption 14. 3 Tutorial 2 initiation to exploitation the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 43 top_level in Sources window Figure 5. 16 top_level in the Sources window. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator translation 14. 3 Tutorial 2 origin to victimization the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 4 5. 6 editing the top_level Entity 1. Double-click on top_level in the Sources window to display the file, top_level. vhd in a tab. The reckon for top_le vel. vhd is shown in Figure 5. 17. entity architecture Figure 5. 17 top_level. vhd, as displayed in Project Navigator, beforehand editing. The ordinance in Figure 5. 17 contains an entity and an architecture office. The entity percentage defines the inputs and outputs of this hardware block. In this case these have been automatically added using the New Source Wizard. The architecture section be quiet take to be write for this module. 2. fill in the architecture block in Figure 5. 7 with the economy in Figure 5. 18(a) and (b). This jurisprudence is a cut down version of the sign figure for the Spartan-3E FPGA appetizer Kit Board (the original design shipped with the board), downloaded from 7. For reference the actualize code for top_level. vhd is listed in vermiform process A. Note that where VDHL code is listed in this tutorial, the same coloration steganography as Project Navigator is used, to serve well with readability. 3. ease the file by selecting File re nder from the master(prenominal) menu. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator adaption 14. 3 Tutorial 2 asylum to development the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 45 rchitecture behavioural of top_level is declaration of KCPSM3 (always use this declaration to call up PicoBlaze mall) component kcpsm3 port (address out std_logic_vector(9 downto 0) instruction in std_logic_vector(17 downto 0) port_id out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) write_strobe out std_logic out_port out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) read_strobe out std_logic in_port in std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) break off in std_logic let out_ack out std_logic fix in std_logic clk in std_logic) end component declaration of program memory (here you ordain peg down the entity name as your . psm affix name) component tutorial port (address in std_logic_vector(9 downto 0) instruction out std_logic_vector(17 downto 0) clk in std_logic) end component Signals used to connect PicoBlaze core to program memory and I/O logi c channelise address std_logic_vector(9 downto 0) augury instruction std_logic_vector(17 downto 0) polarity port_id std_logic_vector(7 downto ) prognosticate out_port std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) sign on in_port std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) foretell write_strobe std_logic manifestation read_strobe std_logic sign impede_ack std_logic signal define std_logic the following input is delegate an torpid value since it is invigorated in this example signal interrupt std_logic =0 Start of lick description go about Instantiating the PicoBlaze core central processor kcpsm3 port social occasion (address = address, instruction = instruction, port_id = port_id, write_strobe = write_strobe, Figure 5. 18(a) architecture of top_level. vhd, part 1. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator interpretation 14. 3 Tutorial 2 ledger entry to employ the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 46 ut_port = out_port, read_strobe = read_strobe, in_port = in_port, interrupt = interrupt, interrupt _ack = interrupt_ack, define = readapt, clk = clk) Instantiating the program memory program tutorial port map (address = address, instruction = instruction, clk = clk) Connect I/O of PicoBlaze - KCPSM3 see input ports - The inputs connect via a pipelined multiplexer input_ports process(clk) begin if clkevent and clk=1 then case port_id(1 downto 0) is read simple on/off switch switches and buttons at address 00 enchant when 00 = in_port instruction, port_id = port_id, write_strobe = write_strobe, out_port = out_port, read_strobe = read_strobe, in_port = in_port, interrupt = interrupt, interrupt_ack = interrupt_ack, reset = reset, clk = clk) Instantiating the